Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder of young women and depending on the diagnostic criteria, it affects 6% to 20% of reproductive aged women. PCOS is also the most common cause of hyperandrogenism in young women with the theca cells of the ovary being the source of androgen excess. PCOS is rarely associated with severe hyperandrogenaemia and atypical features such as rapid progression, presence of virilization or very high Testo...

Introduction: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) involving the hypothalamus and pituitary gland is rare. Central nervous system involvement by NHL may be either as a primary tumour or from systemic lymphoma. We report an interesting case of aggressive central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma presenting as pituitary macroadenoma.Case report: A 67-year-old Caucasian woman presented with sudden onset of left eye ptosis and diplopia. Examination showed left third nerve...

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is the third most common endocrine disorder; its evaluation includes biochemical investigations and imaging studies prior to surgical intervention. Imaging is advised as an aide to surgery and not for diagnostic purposes. Coexistence of PHPT and vitamin D deficiency is common; however, the exact nature of the relationship (causal vs secondary) is not clear.Subject and methods: We conducted a retrospective ...

Introduction: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 is a rare disease characterized by the presence of autoimmune Addison’s disease in combination with thyroid autoimmune disease and/or type 1 diabetes mellitus, and possible occurrence of other autoimmune non-endocrine disorders. The combination of the three glands diseases is even rarer and is referred to as Carpenter’s syndrome.A long time interval is often present between the manifestatio...

Background: X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare, hereditary, progressive musculoskeletal disorder. Prompt diagnosis and treatment in childhood ensures adequate bone matrix mineralization and skeletal growth. There is no consensus on indications for treatment in adult patients.Case Presentation: A 25 year old female was referred to endocrinology with a right ankle fragility fracture. She was known to have XLH, diagnosed in Poland at the age of 1 yea...

Background: Diabetes Insipidus (DI) is uncommon during pregnancy. It may predate pregnancy, be unmasked by pregnancy or arise de novo during pregnancy secondary to other pathology. We present a case of DI in pregnancy to highlight challenges in management.Case Report: A 27-year-old lady at 21 weeks’ gestation, presented to A&E with worsening headache and confusion for three to five months. She was hemodynamically stable, had bitemporal hemianopi...

Background: Pituitary apoplexy is one of the rare endocrine emergencies. Most series indicate that incidence is between 2-7% based on clinical, surgical and histopathological evidence.1-3 Usually presents with severe headaches that may be associated with nausea vomiting, ocular palsies, fever, photophobia. Predisposing factors are pre-existing pituitary conditions, hypertension, major surgery, anticoagulation therapy, pregnancy, radiotherapy. Appropriate endocrine, ...

Background: The Royal College of Physicians (RCP) called earlier this year for obesity to urgently be recognized as a disease, and warned that until this happens its prevalence is unlikely to be reduced. Obesity is associated with multiple comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (HT), and dyslipidemia. Bariatric surgery (BS) produces dramatic weight loss, with improvement of obesity associated comorbidities and decrease of overall mortality.<...